A Biochemical Study of Sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi) leaves as a Natural Source of Antioxidants and a Promoter of Health Sustainability in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This research revisits the concept of Prophetic miracles considering modern scientific analysis, through the study of the Sidr tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) as a model that combines a spiritual dimension with scientific innovation in serving human health and environmental sustainability. The study is based on a vision inspired by Islamic prophetic heritage in the utilization of natural resources, thereby providing a scientific interpretation of the therapeutic properties attributed to this blessed tree throughout history.

The study revealed that Sidr leaves collected from the Al-Leith region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are rich in active compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which exhibit strong capabilities in inhibiting free radicals, combating inflammation, and enhancing the body’s natural immune response in a noticeable and effective manner. It also demonstrated that the ethanolic extract shows the highest antioxidant activity, making it a promising candidate for the development of natural pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

Sidr leaves were also analyzed using advanced chemical techniques, most notably Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). This research is distinguished by its ability to bridge Prophetic guidance with contemporary scientific innovation, presenting clear scientific evidence of the blessing of the Sidr tree through understanding its biochemical constituents and utilizing them to achieve health sustainability in alignment with Saudi Vision 2030 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, while highlighting its role in supporting the bioeconomy and promoting the sustainable use of local plant resources.